Features of state policy in the sphere of social protection of orphans and children under official parental care
Keywords:
orphans, children deprived of parental care, adoption, foster family, family-type orphanageAbstract
Introduction. Children are of special importance to every society as they are the basis of the future of the nation. Protection of the legal rights and interests of children has always been one of the priority tasks of the country. Due to the regulated legal framework and powers, the state is obliged to provide every child with a dignified life and create conditions for its comprehensive development. However, there are situations when children are left without parental care for various reasons, then it is quite difficult for them to assert their own rights and interests. Under such circumstances, the state undertakes to maintain and raise such children, i.e. orphans and children deprived of parental care.
Unfortunately, according to the Ministry of Social Policy, as of 2022, there were almost 70,000 orphans and children deprived of parental care in Ukraine, and about 10,000 children become orphans every year.
Knowing that we are now living in a difficult time, a time of war, we understand that the number of orphans and children deprived of parental care will increase even more, so the state must provide every child with the necessary protection and care that is necessary for their well-being, taking into account her guardians or other persons responsible to her by law, and to this end take all appropriate measures to give the child the opportunity to develop comprehensively and adapt to life in society.
Based on the above, there is a need to study the basic principles of the state's social policy regarding the protection of social orphans in Ukraine.
The aim of the article is to analyze the features of the state policy in the field of social security for orphans and children deprived of parental care in Ukraine and, accordingly, to identify the problems of its implementation and suggest ways of improvement.
Methodology. The theoretical basis of this article is based on scientific approaches to the study of state policy issues in the field of social protection of orphans and children deprived of parental care in Ukrainian and foreign scientific publications.
Results. It has been established that the provision of monetary assistance to orphans and children deprived of parental care is classified according to two main criteria: depending on the age of this category of children, or depending on the form of placement of such a child.
Based on the analysis of the foreign experience of social protection of orphans, promising measures and directions for the introduction of new technologies within Ukraine were identified.
After analyzing the dynamics of social payments for orphans and children deprived of parental care, using the example of the Railway Department of Social Protection in Lviv, they proposed ways to increase payments and reduce the number of social orphans.
References
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Reports of the Railway Department of Social Protection in the city of Lviv on the provision of assistance to families with children and temporary state assistance to children whose parents evade payment of alimony for the years 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023.
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Yanitka, I. (2013). Separate problems of providing for orphans and children deprived of parental care. Legal life of modern Ukraine: International scientific conference of Prof.-Ec. and graduate student. Warehouse, Odessa, May 16-17, 2013, 709-712. http://dspace.onua.edu.ua/bitstream/handle/11300/8553.
Ukraine. Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers No. 1751. (2001). On the approval of the Procedure for the appointment and payment of state aid to families with children. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1751-2001-%D0%BF#Text.
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