Assessment of the feasibility of using semiconductor converters for powering the auxiliary systems of direct current electric trains
Keywords:
energy losses, electric train, suburban train, payback period, limit priceAbstract
The study evaluates the feasibility of using static semiconductor converters to replace electromechanical converters in direct current electric trains and suburban trains. Electrified transport, particularly suburban electric trains, is one of the major consumers of energy resources. The analysis identified the limit price of semiconductor converters and the payback period depending on the operational time of the train. It was demonstrated that replacing electromechanical converters with semiconductor ones significantly improves efficiency and reduces electricity consumption from the grid. This allows for the expansion of auxiliary functions during train modernization, such as ventilation and air conditioning, improving comfort by reducing noise and vibration, and lowering equipment maintenance costs. The authors argue that, primarily due to energy savings, without introducing additional functions, the modernization can achieve payback within one year at a price equal to the limit price. With equal converter power, unification of converters for electric trains and suburban trains is possible. The article emphasizes that for assessing the technical and economic feasibility of implementing static semiconductor converters to power the auxiliary systems of electric trains, it is essential to determine the limit price and the acceptable payback period for the initial investment in new equipment. The modern trend of improving traction electric drives through the use of frequency-controlled asynchronous motors or pulse converters for DC motors is associated with the relatively high cost of converters, the need to develop asynchronous motors, and the modernization of motor carriages, which requires significant costs and time for implementation. A complete renewal of the fleet would require even greater expenditures. The study showed that with an acceptable limit price, unified solutions could be applied in the modernization of direct current electric trains and suburban trains, reducing operational losses by using brushless asynchronous motors and reducing high-voltage equipment in trains.
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